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Togglebox 1 vCPU / 1 GB / 20 GB

Dallas

Benchmark complete
Finished Oct 14, 2026
Geekbench 7 single-core
Skipped
Geekbench 7 multi-core
Skipped
Disk 4K IOPS
132,647
fio random read and write, 50/50
Monthly price at test time
$8.44
Same price today

Server

  • Provider
    Togglebox
  • Plan
    1 vCPU / 1 GB / 20 GB
  • Location
    Dallas
  • vCPU
    1
  • RAM
    1 GB
  • Storage
    20 GB NVMe
  • Network
    1 Gbps
  • OS image
    Ubuntu 24.04
  • Trigger
    Scheduled
  • Queued at
    Oct 14, 2026, 05:54:00 UTC
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CPU

Geekbench was skipped because this plan has less than 2 GB of RAM, which isn't enough for Geekbench 7 to run without swap.

Memory, TLS and scheduler

Memory bandwidth (STREAM)

Test Result Runs Spread
Copy higher is better 10.5 GB/s 3 0.503%
Scale higher is better 11.7 GB/s 3 0.259%
Add higher is better 13.5 GB/s 3 0.176%
Triad higher is better 13.5 GB/s 3 0.206%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

TLS and crypto (OpenSSL)

Test Result Runs Spread
RSA 4096 signs higher is better 227/s 3 1.34%
RSA 4096 verifies higher is better 14,718/s 3 0.352%
SHA-256 higher is better 258 MB/s 3 0.303%
AES-256-GCM higher is better 3.45 GB/s 3 0.0869%
ChaCha20-Poly1305 higher is better 1.62 GB/s 3 0.974%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

Scheduler latency (schbench)

Test Result Runs Spread
Request latency, median lower is better 4.06 ms 3 0.114%
Requests per second, 90th percentile higher is better 243/s 3 0%
Request latency, 99.9th percentile lower is better 7.86 ms 3 1.58%
Requests per second, average higher is better 243/s 3 0.258%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

Disk

Block size Read Write Total
4K 258.7 MB/s (66,236 IOPS) 259.4 MB/s (66,411 IOPS) 518.2 MB/s (132,647 IOPS)
64K 1.49 GB/s (24,407 IOPS) 1.5 GB/s (24,536 IOPS) 2.99 GB/s (48,943 IOPS)
512K 1.36 GB/s (2,786 IOPS) 1.43 GB/s (2,934 IOPS) 2.79 GB/s (5,720 IOPS)
1M 1.28 GB/s (1,309 IOPS) 1.36 GB/s (1,396 IOPS) 2.64 GB/s (2,705 IOPS)

fio random read and write, 50/50, run by YABS against the boot disk.

Network

IPv4 transfer speed

Loading...
Target Protocol Send Receive
Clouvider, London, UK (10G) IPv4 1.41 Gbps 758 Mbps
Eranium, Amsterdam, NL (100G) IPv4 1.41 Gbps 1.37 Gbps
Leaseweb, Singapore, SG (10G) IPv4 1.03 Gbps 1.07 Gbps
Clouvider, Los Angeles, CA, US (10G) IPv4 1.44 Gbps 1.43 Gbps
Leaseweb, NYC, NY, US (10G) IPv4 1.44 Gbps 1.43 Gbps

Public iperf3 servers vary in capacity and availability. Compare a target only with itself over time.

Datastores

PostgreSQL

fsync speed (pg_test_fsync)

Method Operations per second Time per operation
One 8 kB write
open_datasync 1,692 0.591 ms
fdatasync 1,501 0.666 ms
fsync 473 2.12 ms
fsync_writethrough Not supported here n/a
open_sync 561 1.78 ms
Two 8 kB writes
open_datasync 859 1.16 ms
fdatasync 2,064 0.485 ms
fsync 948 1.06 ms
fsync_writethrough Not supported here n/a
open_sync 683 1.46 ms
open_sync at different write sizes
1 * 16kB open_sync write 1,129 0.886 ms
2 * 8kB open_sync writes 697 1.43 ms
4 * 4kB open_sync writes 465 2.15 ms
8 * 2kB open_sync writes 195 5.13 ms
16 * 1kB open_sync writes 89.9 11.1 ms
fsync on a non-write descriptor
write, fsync, close 2,261 0.442 ms
write, close, fsync 2,343 0.427 ms
Non-synced 8 kB writes
write 834,676 0.001 ms

pg_test_fsync against the Docker volume Postgres keeps its data on. fdatasync is Linux's default wal_sync_method.

pgbench at scale 10

Workload Clients Transactions/s Median p95 p99 p99.9 Failed
Read/write (TPC-B like) 1 1,789 0.489 ms 0.941 ms 1.94 ms 4.32 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 8 2,526 2.85 ms 5.15 ms 7.48 ms 15.6 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 32 2,416 11 ms 27.7 ms 44.1 ms 76.4 ms 0
Read only 1 30,178 0.031 ms 0.045 ms 0.056 ms 0.166 ms 0
Read only 8 25,553 0.276 ms 0.495 ms 0.563 ms 1.33 ms 0
Read only 32 24,516 1.18 ms 1.31 ms 1.66 ms 2.96 ms 0

Scale 10 (1,000,000 accounts), loaded in 2.06 s. 60 s per run, prepared statements. Latency comes from sampled transaction logs, and p99.9 is left out when fewer than 1,000 were sampled.

pgbench at scale 100

Workload Clients Transactions/s Median p95 p99 p99.9 Failed
Read/write (TPC-B like) 1 1,134 0.807 ms 1.47 ms 2.45 ms 4.58 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 8 2,015 3.62 ms 6.31 ms 9.45 ms 22.3 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 32 2,241 13.5 ms 19.2 ms 24.5 ms 37.2 ms 0
Read only 1 3,716 0.255 ms 0.464 ms 1.02 ms 1.68 ms 0
Read only 8 8,641 0.872 ms 1.46 ms 2.25 ms 3.9 ms 0
Read only 32 9,082 3.08 ms 5.63 ms 6.92 ms 23.5 ms 0

Scale 100 (10,000,000 accounts), loaded in 19.1 s. 60 s per run, prepared statements. Latency comes from sampled transaction logs, and p99.9 is left out when fewer than 1,000 were sampled.

MySQL

sysbench OLTP

Workload Threads Transactions/s Queries/s Median p95 p99 Errors
Read/write 1 258 5,160 3.3 ms 7.04 ms 12.1 ms 0
Read/write 8 441 8,816 17 ms 27.2 ms 38.2 ms 0
Read/write 32 445 8,907 68.1 ms 111 ms 145 ms 0
Read only 1 981 15,691 0.989 ms 1.18 ms 1.93 ms 0
Read only 8 868 13,892 9.06 ms 10.8 ms 13.7 ms 0
Read only 32 751 12,015 41.9 ms 51.9 ms 60 ms 0

10 tables of 100,000 rows, loaded in 16.6 s. 60 s per run, one connection per thread.

Redis

memtier

Mix Operations/s Hits/s Median p99 p99.9
1:10 set:get 42,848 38,952 1.5 ms 2.83 ms 5.98 ms
1:1 set:get 42,266 21,133 1.5 ms 2.86 ms 6.02 ms

1,000,000 keys of 32 bytes. 64 connections over 1 thread, 60 s per ratio.

Web frameworks

Framework Fortunes req/s Single query req/s JSON req/s Fortunes p99 at 256 connections
Next.js nextjs 171 696 1,016 3.92 s
Express express-postgresjs 6,924 7,449 12,413 1.55 s
Fastify fastify-postgres 7,379 9,644 15,418 1.43 s
NestJS nestjs 1,871 2,049 7,996 219 ms
Nuxt nuxt 5,117 8,307 15,241 1.88 s
FastAPI fastapi 1,407 1,783 9,289 539 ms
Django django-postgresql 795 890 1,913 375 ms
Rails rails 1,134 1,619 6,591 366 ms
Laravel laravel 360 394 637 888 ms
Symfony symfony 438 477 1,152 712 ms

Peak requests per second across the 64 and 256 connection levels, measured with wrk. Each test has to pass the TechEmpower response checks first, or it's marked invalid.

Web apps

WooCommerce

Page mix

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
8 virtual users
Home page 1.02 1.44 s 1.71 s 1.74 s 0%
Shop page 1.02 1.86 s 2.13 s 2.17 s 0%
Category page 1.02 1.67 s 1.95 s 2 s 0%
Product page 1.02 1.42 s 1.64 s 1.67 s 0%
Product search 1.02 1.3 s 1.42 s 1.51 s 0%
32 virtual users
Home page 1.32 5.37 s 5.86 s 5.95 s 0%
Shop page 1.12 6.82 s 7.89 s 8 s 0%
Category page 0.905 6.66 s 7.78 s 7.86 s 0%
Product page 0.905 5.62 s 5.74 s 5.82 s 0%
Product search 0.905 5.29 s 5.59 s 5.67 s 0%

Cart and checkout

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
8 virtual users
Add to cart 1.89 1.37 s 1.6 s 1.64 s 0%
Cart 1.89 1.42 s 1.53 s 1.56 s 0%
Checkout 1.89 1.14 s 1.25 s 1.27 s 0%
32 virtual users
Add to cart 2.07 4.89 s 6.18 s 6.28 s 0%
Cart 2.07 5.63 s 6.17 s 6.24 s 0%
Checkout 2.04 4.45 s 5.1 s 5.18 s 0%

k6 with a fixed number of virtual users, 62 to 71 s per level. The error rate counts responses that weren't a 200.

Discourse

Signed in

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
1 virtual user
Topic page 1.32 257 ms 606 ms 2.11 s 0%
Topic JSON 0.668 128 ms 207 ms 339 ms 0%
Home page 0.668 233 ms 914 ms 1.75 s 0%
Categories page 0.342 269 ms 344 ms 421 ms 0%
User activity page 0.326 159 ms 181 ms 200 ms 0%
4 virtual users
Topic page 1.15 1.24 s 2.07 s 7.66 s 0%
Topic JSON 0.583 929 ms 1.56 s 2 s 0%
Home page 0.55 1.21 s 2.26 s 3.5 s 0%
Categories page 0.307 1.42 s 2.16 s 2.53 s 0%
User activity page 0.275 1.02 s 1.68 s 1.8 s 0%
16 virtual users
Topic page 1.05 1.81 s 2.2 s 3.58 s 0%
Topic JSON 0.507 1.47 s 1.84 s 1.88 s 0%
Home page 0.507 1.76 s 2.62 s 2.9 s 0%
Categories page 0.269 1.81 s 2.22 s 2.48 s 0%
User activity page 0.253 1.54 s 4.79 s 6.75 s 0%

Anonymous

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
16 virtual users
Topic page 19.3 252 ms 574 ms 872 ms 1.67%
Topic JSON 9.66 258 ms 596 ms 902 ms 2.67%
Home page 9.66 249 ms 517 ms 826 ms 2.17%
Categories page 4.84 257 ms 682 ms 862 ms 2.33%
User activity page 4.84 394 ms 962 ms 2.16 s 1.99%

k6 with a fixed number of virtual users, 61 to 63 s per level, after a 25 s warmup. The error rate counts responses that weren't a 200. Discourse ran with 2 app workers and 128 MB of Postgres shared buffers, what its installer picks for a 1 GB box. It added a 2 GB swapfile first, the way its installer does, and used up to 1,014 MB of it. The container peaked at 719 MB.

Ghost

Readers

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
1 virtual user
Home page 5.6 45.8 ms 72.6 ms 204 ms 0%
Post page 14 23.5 ms 42.1 ms 121 ms 0%
Tag page 2.79 33.7 ms 47.4 ms 57.2 ms 0%
Author page 2.79 32.7 ms 50.9 ms 95 ms 0%
RSS feed 2.79 38.2 ms 60.4 ms 142 ms 0%
4 virtual users
Home page 5.39 181 ms 366 ms 430 ms 0%
Post page 13.5 122 ms 278 ms 341 ms 0%
Tag page 2.71 118 ms 267 ms 322 ms 0%
Author page 2.71 120 ms 299 ms 338 ms 0%
RSS feed 2.67 132 ms 249 ms 349 ms 0%
16 virtual users
Home page 4.94 805 ms 1.06 s 1.35 s 0%
Post page 12.3 648 ms 919 ms 1.16 s 0%
Tag page 2.46 414 ms 688 ms 784 ms 0%
Author page 2.43 421 ms 703 ms 1.02 s 0%
RSS feed 2.43 419 ms 694 ms 961 ms 0%

Staff in Ghost Admin

Failed: k6 summary at 1 virtual users didn't parse: k6 recorded no requests for step admin_posts

k6 with a fixed number of virtual users, 60 s per level, after a 20 s warmup. The error rate counts responses that weren't a 200. Ghost ran the way its ghost-docker setup runs it: one Node process, and MySQL with its stock 128 MB buffer pool. Memory peaked with Ghost at 200 MB and MySQL at 525 MB.

Wagtail

Visitors

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
1 virtual user
Home page 1.51 85.5 ms 101 ms 164 ms 0%
Blog index 1.5 303 ms 317 ms 343 ms 0%
Blog post 4.49 28 ms 42.7 ms 49.7 ms 0%
Bread page 4.51 30.6 ms 35.2 ms 39.5 ms 0%
Location page 1.5 29.1 ms 32.9 ms 35.3 ms 0%
Site search 1.5 44.7 ms 81.1 ms 98.4 ms 0%
4 virtual users
Home page 1.4 402 ms 463 ms 486 ms 0%
Blog index 1.45 1.3 s 1.45 s 1.81 s 0%
Blog post 4.2 112 ms 191 ms 222 ms 0%
Bread page 4.25 126 ms 158 ms 194 ms 0%
Location page 1.45 119 ms 160 ms 184 ms 0%
Site search 1.38 190 ms 338 ms 516 ms 0%
16 virtual users
Home page 1.3 1.4 s 1.78 s 2.35 s 0%
Blog index 1.35 3.37 s 4.31 s 4.66 s 0%
Blog post 3.94 782 ms 1.31 s 1.69 s 0%
Bread page 3.92 827 ms 1.42 s 1.73 s 0%
Location page 1.35 800 ms 1.32 s 1.71 s 0%
Site search 1.29 987 ms 1.47 s 1.97 s 0%

Editors in the Wagtail admin

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
1 virtual user
Admin dashboard 0.607 89.5 ms 105 ms 125 ms 0%
Page explorer 1.25 378 ms 502 ms 539 ms 0%
Page editor 1.87 174 ms 219 ms 330 ms 0%
Image library 0.623 69.2 ms 128 ms 827 ms 0%
Admin page search 0.607 42.9 ms 80.1 ms 82.2 ms 0%
4 virtual users
Admin dashboard 0.555 442 ms 654 ms 729 ms 0%
Page explorer 1.13 1.69 s 2.04 s 2.23 s 0%
Page editor 1.7 797 ms 1.14 s 1.41 s 0%
Image library 0.555 426 ms 610 ms 700 ms 0%
Admin page search 0.555 186 ms 424 ms 566 ms 0%

k6 with a fixed number of virtual users, 60 to 61 s per level, after a 21 s warmup. The error rate counts responses that weren't a 200. Wagtail ran the way bakerydemo ships it: uWSGI with 2 workers of 4 threads each, whatever the box, and Postgres and Redis on stock settings. Memory peaked with Wagtail at 308 MB, Postgres at 177 MB, and Redis at 25 MB.

Advertised vs. measured

Advertised Measured
vCPU 1 1
CPU Shared vCPU 0% of busy CPU time stolen
RAM 1 GB 962 MiB
Storage 20 GB NVMe 19.3 GiB
Architecture x86_64 x86_64
Virtualization KVM KVM

Guests usually report slightly less RAM and disk than advertised because of kernel reservations and filesystem overhead.

Detected hardware

CPU model
Intel Core Processor (Broadwell, no TSX, IBRS)
CPU cores
1
CPU frequency
2500 MHz
AES-NI
Yes
VM-x/AMD-V
Yes
RAM reported
962 MiB
Swap reported
0 MiB
Disk reported
19.3 GiB
Virtualization reported
KVM
CPU steal
0% of busy CPU time stolen
Distro
Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS
Kernel
6.8.0-88-generic
Architecture
x86_64
IPv4 reachable
Yes
IPv6 reachable
No

Advertised at test time

Plan
1 vCPU / 1 GB / 20 GB
Product line
Cloud VPS
Location
Dallas
vCPU
1 shared vCPU
Architecture
x86_64
RAM
1 GB
Storage
20 GB NVMe
Virtualization
KVM
Network
1 Gbps
Transfer
10 TB
Port 25
On request
Monthly price at test time
$8.44
Hourly price at test time
$0.013
YABS version
v2026-09-20
Ran at
Oct 14, 2026, 05:56:00 UTC
Parser version
5

Run timeline

Queued
Oct 14, 2026, 05:54:00 UTC
Server created
Oct 14, 2026, 05:54:51 UTC
First update from the server
Oct 14, 2026, 05:54:51 UTC
Completed
Oct 14, 2026, 07:26:00 UTC
Server deleted
Oct 14, 2026, 07:26:00 UTC
Cost of this run
$0.019
TestResultTime
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