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UpCloud Starter 1 vCPU / 1 GB

New York #1

Benchmark complete
Finished Oct 7, 2026
Geekbench 7 single-core
Skipped
Geekbench 7 multi-core
Skipped
Disk 4K IOPS
17,097
fio random read and write, 50/50
Median here: 17,782 over 2 runs in 90 days
Monthly price at test time
€3.50 EUR
Same price today

Server

  • Provider
    UpCloud
  • Plan
    Starter 1 vCPU / 1 GB
  • Location
    New York #1
  • vCPU
    1
  • RAM
    1 GB
  • Storage
    10 GB
  • Network
    Unknown
  • OS image
    01000000-0000-4000-8000-000030240200
  • Trigger
    Scheduled
  • Queued at
    Oct 7, 2026, 01:29:00 UTC
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CPU

Geekbench was skipped because this plan has less than 2 GB of RAM, which isn't enough for Geekbench 7 to run without swap.

Memory, TLS and scheduler

Memory bandwidth (STREAM)

Test Result Runs Spread
Copy higher is better 30.6 GB/s 3 0.74%
Scale higher is better 19.2 GB/s 3 0.495%
Add higher is better 22.7 GB/s 3 0.835%
Triad higher is better 22.6 GB/s 3 0.4%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

TLS and crypto (OpenSSL)

Test Result Runs Spread
RSA 4096 signs higher is better 233/s 3 0.675%
RSA 4096 verifies higher is better 15,144/s 3 0.179%
SHA-256 higher is better 686 MB/s 3 0.467%
AES-256-GCM higher is better 3.52 GB/s 3 0.85%
ChaCha20-Poly1305 higher is better 1.78 GB/s 3 0.289%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

Scheduler latency (schbench)

Test Result Runs Spread
Request latency, median lower is better 4.1 ms 3 0.169%
Requests per second, 90th percentile higher is better 241/s 3 0.239%
Request latency, 99.9th percentile lower is better 7.8 ms 3 4.34%
Requests per second, average higher is better 240/s 3 0.51%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

Disk

Block size Read Write Total
4K 33.3 MB/s (8,536 IOPS) 33.4 MB/s (8,561 IOPS) 66.8 MB/s (17,097 IOPS)
64K 399 MB/s (6,384 IOPS) 401.1 MB/s (6,418 IOPS) 800.2 MB/s (12,802 IOPS)
512K 381.6 MB/s (763 IOPS) 401.9 MB/s (803 IOPS) 783.5 MB/s (1,566 IOPS)
1M 379.6 MB/s (379 IOPS) 404.9 MB/s (404 IOPS) 784.5 MB/s (783 IOPS)

fio random read and write, 50/50, run by YABS against the boot disk.

Network

IPv4 transfer speed

Loading...
Target Protocol Send Receive
Clouvider, London, UK (10G) IPv4 974 Mbps 1.02 Gbps
Eranium, Amsterdam, NL (100G) IPv4 1.02 Gbps 1.02 Gbps
Leaseweb, Singapore, SG (10G) IPv4 735 Mbps 896 Mbps
Clouvider, Los Angeles, CA, US (10G) IPv4 1.02 Gbps 1 Gbps
Leaseweb, NYC, NY, US (10G) IPv4 1.07 Gbps 1.07 Gbps

Public iperf3 servers vary in capacity and availability. Compare a target only with itself over time.

Datastores

PostgreSQL

fsync speed (pg_test_fsync)

Method Operations per second Time per operation
One 8 kB write
open_datasync 3,606 0.277 ms
fdatasync 3,678 0.272 ms
fsync 2,224 0.45 ms
fsync_writethrough Not supported here n/a
open_sync 2,186 0.457 ms
Two 8 kB writes
open_datasync 1,830 0.547 ms
fdatasync 3,206 0.312 ms
fsync 1,886 0.53 ms
fsync_writethrough Not supported here n/a
open_sync 1,011 0.989 ms
open_sync at different write sizes
1 * 16kB open_sync write 1,978 0.506 ms
2 * 8kB open_sync writes 1,150 0.869 ms
4 * 4kB open_sync writes 543 1.84 ms
8 * 2kB open_sync writes 266 3.75 ms
16 * 1kB open_sync writes 144 6.94 ms
fsync on a non-write descriptor
write, fsync, close 2,166 0.462 ms
write, close, fsync 2,051 0.488 ms
Non-synced 8 kB writes
write 536,481 0.002 ms

pg_test_fsync against the Docker volume Postgres keeps its data on. fdatasync is Linux's default wal_sync_method.

pgbench at scale 10

Workload Clients Transactions/s Median p95 p99 p99.9 Failed
Read/write (TPC-B like) 1 1,613 0.55 ms 0.856 ms 1.64 ms 9.77 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 8 2,819 2.55 ms 4.5 ms 6.46 ms 19.5 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 32 2,720 9.3 ms 25.8 ms 44.2 ms 86.2 ms 0
Read only 1 26,003 0.036 ms 0.05 ms 0.061 ms 0.196 ms 0
Read only 8 28,945 0.234 ms 0.424 ms 0.491 ms 1.24 ms 0
Read only 32 29,225 0.928 ms 1.36 ms 1.59 ms 2.51 ms 0

Scale 10 (1,000,000 accounts), loaded in 2.17 s. 60 s per run, prepared statements. Latency comes from sampled transaction logs, and p99.9 is left out when fewer than 1,000 were sampled.

pgbench at scale 100

Workload Clients Transactions/s Median p95 p99 p99.9 Failed
Read/write (TPC-B like) 1 979 0.878 ms 1.48 ms 2.81 ms 19.2 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 8 1,894 3.37 ms 6.11 ms 11.6 ms 86 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 32 2,141 12.8 ms 21.9 ms 79.2 ms 94.4 ms 0
Read only 1 3,279 0.288 ms 0.54 ms 1.38 ms 2.49 ms 0
Read only 8 6,086 0.798 ms 1.76 ms 34 ms 41 ms 0
Read only 32 6,181 2.61 ms 32.7 ms 48.2 ms 50.8 ms 0

Scale 100 (10,000,000 accounts), loaded in 23.1 s. 60 s per run, prepared statements. Latency comes from sampled transaction logs, and p99.9 is left out when fewer than 1,000 were sampled.

MySQL

sysbench OLTP

Workload Threads Transactions/s Queries/s Median p95 p99 Errors
Read/write 1 286 5,711 2.97 ms 5 ms 10.5 ms 0
Read/write 8 457 9,134 16.4 ms 26.2 ms 38.9 ms 0
Read/write 32 491 9,819 60 ms 105 ms 132 ms 0
Read only 1 910 14,561 1.04 ms 1.34 ms 1.89 ms 0
Read only 8 882 14,116 8.9 ms 10.5 ms 13.5 ms 0
Read only 32 852 13,631 36.9 ms 43.4 ms 49.2 ms 0

10 tables of 100,000 rows, loaded in 14.8 s. 60 s per run, one connection per thread.

Redis

memtier

Mix Operations/s Hits/s Median p99 p99.9
1:10 set:get 35,330 32,118 1.68 ms 3.36 ms 5.28 ms
1:1 set:get 34,983 17,491 1.7 ms 3.39 ms 5.38 ms

1,000,000 keys of 32 bytes. 64 connections over 1 thread, 60 s per ratio.

Web frameworks

Framework Fortunes req/s Single query req/s JSON req/s Fortunes p99 at 256 connections
Next.js The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Express The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Fastify The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
NestJS The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Nuxt The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
FastAPI The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Django The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Rails The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Laravel The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Symfony The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.

WooCommerce

Page mix

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
8 virtual users
Home page 1.24 1.18 s 1.28 s 1.31 s 0%
Shop page 1.24 1.56 s 1.76 s 1.83 s 0%
Category page 1.24 1.37 s 1.67 s 1.72 s 0%
Product page 1.24 1.16 s 1.34 s 1.4 s 0%
Product search 1.24 1.09 s 1.16 s 1.19 s 0%
32 virtual users
Home page 1.36 4.58 s 5.17 s 5.25 s 0%
Shop page 1.36 6.15 s 6.9 s 6.98 s 0%
Category page 1.36 5.67 s 6.75 s 6.85 s 0%
Product page 1.05 4.65 s 4.9 s 4.99 s 0%
Product search 0.907 4.45 s 4.74 s 4.82 s 0%

Cart and checkout

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
8 virtual users
Add to cart 2.34 1.14 s 1.33 s 1.38 s 0%
Cart 2.34 1.2 s 1.28 s 1.32 s 0%
Checkout 2.34 955 ms 1.06 s 1.08 s 0%
32 virtual users
Add to cart 2.41 4.25 s 5.23 s 5.34 s 0%
Cart 2.41 4.85 s 5.24 s 5.29 s 0%
Checkout 2.41 3.86 s 4.36 s 4.5 s 0%

k6 with a fixed number of virtual users, 65 to 71 s per level. The error rate counts responses that weren't a 200.

Advertised vs. measured

Spec Advertised Measured
vCPU 1 1
CPU Shared vCPU 0.1% of busy CPU time stolen
RAM 1 GB 849 MiB
Storage 10 GB 9.8 GiB
Architecture x86_64 x86_64
Virtualization KVM KVM

Guests usually report slightly less RAM and disk than advertised because of kernel reservations and filesystem overhead.

Detected hardware

CPU model
AMD EPYC 7542 32-Core Processor
CPU cores
1
CPU frequency
2895 MHz
AES-NI
Yes
VM-x/AMD-V
No
RAM reported
849 MiB
Swap reported
0 MiB
Disk reported
9.8 GiB
Virtualization reported
KVM
CPU steal
0.1% of busy CPU time stolen
Distro
Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS
Kernel
6.8.0-137-generic
Architecture
x86_64
IPv4 reachable
Yes
IPv6 reachable
Yes

Advertised at test time

Plan
Starter 1 vCPU / 1 GB
Product line
Starter
Location
New York #1
vCPU
1 shared vCPU
Architecture
x86_64
RAM
1 GB
Storage
10 GB
Virtualization
KVM
Network
Unknown
Transfer
512 GB
Port 25
Unknown
Monthly price at test time
€3.50 EUR
Hourly price at test time
€0.0052 EUR
YABS version
v2026-09-20
Ran at
Oct 7, 2026, 01:31:44 UTC
Parser version
5

Run timeline

Queued
Oct 7, 2026, 01:29:00 UTC
Server created
Oct 7, 2026, 01:30:17 UTC
First update from the server
Oct 7, 2026, 01:30:17 UTC
Completed
Oct 7, 2026, 02:39:22 UTC
Server deleted
Oct 7, 2026, 02:39:22 UTC
Cost of this run
€0.0061 EUR
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